{"id":630,"date":"2011-12-19T20:29:47","date_gmt":"2011-12-20T03:29:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/?p=630"},"modified":"2011-12-19T20:39:01","modified_gmt":"2011-12-20T03:39:01","slug":"adventures-in-barsoomian-continued","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/?p=630","title":{"rendered":"Adventures in Barsoomian Continued&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I went back and re-read that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/12\/12\/arts\/television\/in-game-of-thrones-a-language-to-make-the-world-feel-real.html?_r=1&#038;pagewanted=1&#038;ref=arts&#038;src=mv\">recent NY Times article<\/a> on conlanging and realized it mentions that <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Frommer\">Paul Frommer<\/a> (of <a href=\"http:\/\/naviteri.org\/\">Na&#39;vi<\/a> fame) has been hired &#8220;to develop a Martian language called Barsoomian for &#8216;John Carter,&#8217; a science-fiction movie to arrive in March.&#8221; That gave me some hope! If that <em>is<\/em> the case, it&#8217;s even more unfortunate that they included the <a href=\"http:\/\/disney.go.com\/johncarter\/#\/decoder-key\">Martian &#8220;Decoder&#8221;<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/disney.go.com\/johncarter\/#\/translator\">Martian Translator<\/a> on the movie&#8217;s official site. Why not start promoting Barsoomian now? Build some buzz? I also had the thought that, even though Dr. Frommer is a &#8220;professional&#8221; language creator, any Barsoomian he comes up with will be no more canonical than something I or anyone else devises. The only Barsoomian canon (from my perspective) would be that devised (or sanctioned by) Edgar Rice Burroughs (or, I suppose, his estate). So, with that in mind, let&#8217;s continue on our own little adventure into the speech of the Red Planet.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/blog\/?p=623\">Last time out<\/a>, we gained some new vocabulary and could say things like <em>Hek dar ron<\/em> &#8220;The father guards his son&#8221; with articles, tense, and pronouns supplied telepathically (or by context). This time, we&#8217;ll turn to measurements and see what we can puzzle out&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>According to ERB, we have on Barsoom the <em>sofad<\/em>, <em>ad<\/em>, <em>haad<\/em>, and <em>karad<\/em> measurements with the following relationships:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>10 <em>sofad<\/em> = 1 <em>ad<\/em><\/li>\n<li>200 <em>ad<\/em> = 1 <em>haad<\/em><\/li>\n<li>100 <em>haad<\/em> = 1 <em>karad<\/em> = 1 degree of Barsoomian longitude<\/li>\n<li>360 <em>karad<\/em> = circumference of Barsoom at the equator<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So, the <em>ad<\/em> is the basic unit of measurement. This means the prefixes <em>sof<\/em>, <em>ha<\/em>, and <em>kar<\/em> must impart some meaning to the basic term <em>ad<\/em>. Judging by my <a href=\"\/blog\/?p=583\">previous post<\/a>, it doesn&#8217;t appear that these three are numerical. It would seem strange (even for Barsoom) for <em>sof<\/em> to mean something like &#8220;1\/10&#8221;. Unfortunately, <em>sof<\/em> does not appear in any other Barsoomian name. On the other hand, both <em>ha<\/em> and <em>kar<\/em> do appear: <em>Haja<\/em> (princess of Gathol), <em>Tor Hatan<\/em> (Odwar of the<br \/>\n91st Umak), <em>Okar<\/em> (a city), <em>Kar Komak<\/em> (odwar of Lothar), <em>Torkar Bar<\/em> (Kaolian noble). How do reconcile these different uses? My suggestion: <em>sof<\/em> means something like &#8220;small, minor, lesser&#8221; and <em>ha<\/em> &#8220;bigger, major, greater&#8221;. <em>Kar<\/em>, on the other hand, since it refers to measurement &#8220;around&#8221; the planet could mean something like &#8220;long, lengthy, extended&#8221; and by extension in the vertical plane &#8220;tall, high&#8221;. I could even go so far as to say that <em>kar<\/em> is the final comparative degree: &#8220;biggest, greatest&#8221;. You may <a href=\"\/blog\/?p=623\">remember<\/a> we also had <em>-dak<\/em> (&#60; <em>jeddak<\/em>) and <em>-dara<\/em> (&#60; <em>jeddara<\/em>) as superlative markers. A better term for these two might be an augmentative (i.e., the opposite of the &#8220;-y&#8221; or &#8220;-ie&#8221; in names like &#8220;Tommy&#8221; and &#8220;Susie&#8221;). This would give us degrees of comparison (smaller, original, bigger). That means then that we have:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>sof<\/em> &#8220;small&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>ha<\/em> &#8220;bigger&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>kar<\/em> &#8220;biggest&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We could even use these in the opposite direction and get:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>sof<\/em> &#8220;small&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>hasof<\/em> &#8220;smaller&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>karsof<\/em> &#8220;smallest&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I could see <em>Kar Komak<\/em>&#8216;s first name meaning something like &#8220;The High&#8221; (as in &#8220;your highness&#8221;). Sure, why not? We&#8217;re also <a href=\"\/blog\/?p=610\">saying<\/a> that modifiers come after the word they modify. So&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Calot ha dar phai karsof jeddak<\/em> &#8220;&#91;The&#93; larger calot guards &#91;the&#93; jeddak&#8217;s youngest (i.e., smallest) daughter&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>Darseen sof banth<\/em> &#8220;&#91;A&#93; darseen &#91;is&#93; smaller &#91;than a&#93; banth&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And finally&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>John Carter sof Tars Tarkas than-dak<\/em> &#8220;John Carter &#91;is&#93; smaller &#91;than&#93; Tars Tarkas, &#91;but he is a&#93; great fighter&#8221; (Once again, taking advantage of the telepathic component of Barsoomian)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That&#8217;s all for now. Stay tuned for more&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I went back and re-read that recent NY Times article on conlanging and realized it mentions that Paul Frommer (of Na&#39;vi fame) has been hired &#8220;to develop a Martian language called Barsoomian for &#8216;John Carter,&#8217; a science-fiction movie to arrive in March.&#8221; That gave me some hope! If that is the case, it&#8217;s even more [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,29],"tags":[17,163,24],"class_list":["post-630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-books","category-conlanging","tag-barsoom","tag-conlanging","tag-erb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=630"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":640,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/630\/revisions\/640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.conlang.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}